Kickoff of offshore wind power in China: playoffs for China wind power development

Year 2010 is the significant year of offshore wind power development in China. The first national offshore wind power project is connected to the grid, and the first round of concession projects marks the strong support from central government. It is foreseeable that offshore wind power capacity in China will expand rapidly in the future, and the understanding pattern of it is crucial for analyzing the overall wind market in China and global offshore wind power development. This paper firstly provides an overview of global offshore wind power development, then in China, including historical installation, potential of resources, demonstration and concession projects, and target of development. Based on this, analysis on current policies related to offshore wind power and their implementation, current wind farm developers and turbine manufacturers of China's offshore wind industry is done. All the previous analysis generates complete evaluation of current status and some issues and trends of China offshore wind power development, based on which some policy recommendations for sustainable development of offshore wind power are made

Lessons from China: building technological capabilities for low carbon technology transfer and development

Using case study analysis across three sectors in China (cement, electric vehicles and coal fired electricity generation) and theoretical insights from the innovation studies literature, this paper analyses the development of China’s technological capabilities in low carbon technologies and the ways in which public policies have contributed to developing these capabilities. It finds that China has developed significant capabilities via a strategic approach. The paper’s findings have significant implications for international policies designed to support low carbon technology transfer to developing countries and broader processes of low carbon technological change and development. Such policies should go beyond the traditional focus on the transfer of technology hardware to focus on the development of low carbon technological capabilities in developing country firms

Low carbon technology transfer: lessons from India and China

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UK-China collaborative study on low carbon technology transfer: final report

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Evidence of the clean development mechanism impact on the Chinese electric power system's low-carbon transition

The extension of the Kyoto Protocol till 2020 has left uncertainty dominating the future of climate change negotiations. Meanwhile on-going debate on the variety of measures introduced by the Protocol demonstrate that there is no consensus among academics and policy makers on the efficacy of those measures. By focusing on a specific but extensive case-study, which encompasses the whole contribution of the clean development mechanism (CDM) to the Chinese electricity production sector, this paper aims to reflect upon the effectiveness of that mechanism during its originally planned lifetime (which was to be the end of 2012). The paper contributes to the international debate by offering a new evidence-based perspective on the efficacy of the CDM in a strategic sector of the most relevant non-Annex I country. The obtained empirical results can serve as evaluation instruments for both academics and policy makers involved in the elaboration of a new Protocol and its related mechanisms, while at the same time offering a stimulus for further analyses sharing similar objectives. The results reveal a new perspective on the Chinese electricity system's low-carbon transition, while prompting debate over the original efficacy of the CDM

The Mitigation Alliance target and its distribution

Misalignment between the Paris Agreement (PA) objectives and its implementation tools represents the biggest challenge for its implementation. The compromise between top-down urgencies, such as the 2/1.5 °C target, and bottom-up stances, such as the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) pledge-and-review system removed years of efforts for identifying effective and equitable systems to combat climate change, threatening the same signification of the Common But Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities (CBDR-RC) principle. The Mitigation Alliance (MA) proposed in this book offers a feasible alternative to the current system. It applies to entities that voluntarily collaborate under the framework of the PA’s Article 6 (A6PA) and entails the establishment of an aggregate Net Zero Carbon (NZC) target for the MA and a technical, flexible distribution of the corresponding mitigation burden. While the NZC is based on scientific evidence, the hereby-proposed distribution system represents a key innovation. By introducing a dynamic formula for distributing the mitigation burden (or quota) among its members, the MA aligns ambition with the PA’s objectives while taking full account of the CBDR-RC principle

Climate clubs and positive carbon pricing for a Low-Carbon Bretton Woods

If global average temperature rise is to be limited to 2°C or even 1.5°C below pre-industrial levels this century, we require a paradigm shift in the way we value and exchange mitigations of Greenhouse Gas Emissions (GHGs). Positive carbon pricing shifts the focus from the cost of GHG emissions to the value of mitigating GHG emissions. We hereby propose a climate club governance arrangement based on Article 6 of the Paris Agreement as well as a robust accounting system to create a positive carbon pricing environment. It provides a starting point for modular, scalable and inclusive climate governance arrangements for environmental and social value creation